Saturday, March 26, 2011

Shield volcanoes

Shield volcanoes are tall and broad with flat, rounded shapes. They have low slopes and almost always have large craters at their summits.Shield volcanoes can be very big. An example is Mt. Kilauea (in Hawaii, USA).
Shield volcanoes are built almost entirely of fluid lava flow. Flow after flow pours out in all directions from a central summit vent, which builds a broad, gently sloping cone - much like a warrior's shield or a plateau.As the lava cools, it dips down in the center leaving sloped sides, like a bowl or a shield.These volcanoes do not explode the way composite volcanoes do; instead, lava just flows out of them.Their eruptions consist of hot, flowing basaltic lava that travels a long way before it solidifies.
Many volcanoes that form above hot spots are shield volcanoes.
Shield volcanoes have much smaller eruptions producing less ash. However they pour out a lot more lava over a long period of time.
Olympus Mons is, a giant shield volcano on Mars. It is believed to be the largest volcano in the solar system.
Mauna Loa, a shield volcano on the "big" island of Hawaii, is the largest single mountain in the world, rising over 30,000 feet above the ocean floor and reaching almost 100 miles across at its base.
However some volcanoes like Mauna Loa stay active and erupt much more often.The Hawaiian volcano of Kilauea has thrown lava nearly 2,000 feet into the air.

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